Is biothane eco friendly reddit. I use Meliora powdered laundry detergent.

Is biothane eco friendly reddit Add your thoughts and get the conversation going. Mostly I just want to use something that has a recyclable container and ink that won't harm the planet too much after throwing away notes. It is also a great place to help others with questions, troubleshooting, and of course an outlet to display your airbrush art, ideas, experiences, and techniques. Biothane is very easy to clean, and my Mom who can smell says it does not have a smell beyond the times I come home to clean it because my visually impaired self once again dropped the leash in poop so I need to wash it again for the 4th time that week but that is not a biothane smell and certainly the poop. Thanks! What is the most eco-friendly lighter? As an Ent, I go through a lot of lighters. Posted by u/armzngunz - 54 votes and 41 comments Once in a while, I get really worried about environmental contaminants and I try to use as many natural products as possible. For three years I lived in a house, about an hour and a half west of Chicago, with solar panels that had reverse energy meters, radiant floor heating, and a geo-thermal cooling system. So I saw on social media an ad about Tru Earth and how it's really eco friendly, works well on laundry, can buy scented or fragrance free. r/CryptoCurrency. Thanks! Is PLA really eco friendly? I see so many brands claiming stuff like this “The lamp shade is 3D printed with Polylactic Acid (PLA). If you have plastic-free food storage containers made of silicone (like Stasher® or Ziploc® Endurables™ silicone bags, not the conventional hard to recycle ziplock bags) you can send them to TerraCycle free Feb 11, 2021 · By the end of this article you will know more about BioThane. Europe and Japan have heat pumps and the US doesn't for a few reasons: Natural gas is more expensive. The washing capsules and fabric softener squirt bottle smells great! Feb 11, 2021 · By the end of this article you will know more about BioThane. Generally I like to include oils, waxes, greases with mixed features. I think there is a new brand being sold at Coles called Rascle and Friends which is eco-friendly, but can't actually recall why. Jun 14, 2022 · Ready to overhaul your haulage? Stick with the green theme and pack something sustainable. Yeah I got both the normal one and the biothane one and I prefer the normal one. I would try looking for products in cardboard boxes such as boxed powder if environmental things are your concern. But, it's not what you'd call “eco-friendly” in the true sense. From leashes and collars to harnesses and heeling tabs, BioThane® is the perfect choice for any pet owner looking for a high-quality, long-lasting product. as an alternative to traditional leather or nylon gear. Alternatively they make eco-friendly pods or sheets, but that can get pricey fast imo. As the only way to account for past emissions, we need to consider carbon offsetting as well as changes to our lifestyles to effectively make a difference in the fight climate change. Using a cloth handkerchief and washing it could also be fine. I'm only one person wanting to run a small buisness and am struggling to find a printer not designed for corporate use. ” Like you took this entire (old ass) reddit post way, way too personally. Eco-friendly, should probably read 'marginally more sustainable manufacture, but we literally haven't tested it's long-term (or even short term) environmental effects'. Is BioThane Safe for Dogs Jun 27, 2024 · Is BioThane eco friendly? The BioThane material is not recyclable or naturally degradable. You certainly cannot compost these plastics at your home. Unlike leather, which involves the use of animal hides and harsh chemicals in the tanning process, BioThane is cruelty-free and manufactured using sustainable materials. BioThane's coated webbing is a durable and waterproof material for dog collars, dog leashes, and couplers. However, my long haired dachshund mix’s coat was damaged by it. Has anyone used the biothane leashes and collars? Are they easy to clean and durable? See full list on ourecofriendlylife. Hello there, this is the third megathread for server advertisements, replacing the former one. You can post an ad for your server once per reset (or once per 30 days if you have resets that happen less frequently or do not reset at all) as a direct comment to this post - please remove your old ad when you post a new one. BioThane's eco-friendly attributes align perfectly with our values. Thanks! I'm trying to start a business and use as much ecofriendly wrapping material as possible and was curious if tissue paper was either compostable, recyclable or neither. I have a 4ft leather lead, a fancier 4ft leather lead, a flexi, and a 10ft biothane for nosework. Although, only printing what customers specifically order is more eco friendly and sustainable than producing t-shirts in the thousands that are burned/go to landfill if they aren't sold. This subreddit is temporarily private as part of a joint protest to Reddit's recent API changes, which breaks third-party apps and moderation tools, effectively forcing users to use the official Reddit app. I’d like to get a 6’ biothane leash for my Golden Retriever (4 months old). I think Everlane is great, but what about other brands that target younger, Gen Z age people to millennials? What is out there? I want to do some research. I used cloth part time with #1 which worked well, paired with disposables for overnight and childcare. Recently, I have been trying to be more eco-friendly and realized that disposable Bic Lighters add up to a lot of wasted plastic over time. I found this company, but it says on their Safety Data Sheet that their pods are "Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects" (even though they advertise themselves as environmentally-friendly 😠). I do think that the most sustainable gift is something that the person will actually genuinely use, rather than it just sitting on a shelf or in a drawer somewhere - so even if it doesn’t have a specific eco friendly designation, a well used item that can eventually be recycled does end up being more sustainable than an eco product created During quarantine, I've become very conscious of the plastic waste my family is creating. As a synthetic material, BioThane reduces the need for animal-derived products like leather, making it a cruelty-free alternative. It is a chemical product because it is manufactured through chemical processes. Putting your body in a box made of a regenerative material like wood and digging a hole is the most eco friendly way you could things. Most dog owners make the crucial mistake of choosing a collar made from cheap or harmful 16K subscribers in the EcoFriendly community. It got the clothes clean but did not remove any odors. They make and sell a bunch of eco-friendly, zero-waste, ethically sourced products from a small workshop in Canada. Jul 18, 2023 · With Biothane, if possible look for someone who sews instead of, or in addition to, just rivets/chicago screws for the leashes. He has sensory issues, so texture is important. They're really cheap, ACTUALLY dust free, and eco friendly! It is made from olive pits. not a leash recommendation but my dog is quite leash reactive too, and i found that what helps when training for these particular situations is keeping the leash loose so they don’t feel tension, but still feel like they are able to move and escape the situation if need be. I've just recently looked into this one, but then found other options like Dropps, Earth Breeze, Eco Nuts and Disolve. Mar 6, 2023 · 7 pvc alternatives that are eco friendly 4 Cellulose Acetate Bioplastic. Laundry sheets are very convenient and probably a lot more eco-friendly than giant plastic bottles of harmful chemicals, but I also think it's important to keep in mind that them claiming to be plastic-free is a lie. Just because they post asking if slime is eco-friendly and argue that it isn’t is not “singling out” a product used by “children, ND people, etc. I'm on the hunt for a soft, eco-friendly toilet paper. I don’t want to mislead anyone so would including something like “eco-friendly products and packaging” be misleading in anyway? I would explain in further detail in my shop’s “About” section as well as on each product listing page. I am looking for a reusable and durable glove that can resist alcohol, peroxide, and vinegar, but is also comfortable enough to wear while dusting and vacuuming. But most don't care. This is considered a great faux leather alternative as it has a very similar texture to leather. Baking soda is also a great cleaning agent and has a scrubbing affect which helps remove stains and grease. A place to discuss products, methods, and solutions that Redditors can use to become more eco-friendly. Known for its superior durability, all-season performance, resistance to mildew, tensile strength, and comfort, biothane is changing the way we approach dog gear. PLA still is made out of plants - which is far better and more sustainable than using fossile ressources as most other plastics do. However, it's super easy to wipe clean, and because Biothane dog gear lasts so well, you won't need to replace them often. There is no amount of e-vehicle deliveries that can make Amazon sustainable or climate friendly without monumental changes to the core business. As far as a deeper cleaning, like for the toilet per say, I think these three could also be good for cleaning more bacteria-prone things. Importantly, a key factor in a product’s impact on the environment is the amount of resources it takes to produce the thing in the first place. I’ve recently subscribed to Smol, they’re an eco-friendly, organic and cruelty free company who make laundry products, dishwasher tablets and a few cleaning sprays. The market doesn't have any wooden variation of the product, mostly aluminium and plastic. Submit pictures, comment, ask questions, give advice and tips, and enjoy friendly, helpful interactions with fellow or potential owners of the World's Most Unique and Quirky Dog Breed. I'll stick with Arm & Hammer scent free. Not every facility has the ability to compost the various eco-plastics that are advertised as compostable. Some I’ve thought were okay, but we’re over 6times the price of regular toothpaste and my teeth still didn’t feel clean after using them. We use Trigger/Lobster snaps for our leashes (the safest on the market) and Chicago Screws instead of Rivets for maximum durability. You'll get a million people making them in just about every color and style. Jan 3, 2025 · Is BioThane Eco-Friendly? BioThane is really tough and lasts a long time, which is great. I'm not sure about the claims that pela isn't compostable, but no eco-plastic is if it's not sent to the right place. PLA is a sturdy material derived from renewable resources, such as corn, sugar cane, and sugar beet. Also, an ineffective detergent is basically just pouring a manufactured product down the drain. Buy quality coated webbing dog products or a single collar today. I’ve bought a few different brands of “natural” dishwasher detergents, but invariably they do not get the dishes clean. But as far as their manufacturing process, carbon footprint, etc there isn't much to be found unfortunately, and the fashion industry is one of the biggest Hi everyone 😊 I'm looking for an environmentally-friendly dishwasher detergent. It’s not single-use and even if there is a little bit of leaching I’m not going to be eating the cleaning products and it’s way better than what single-use plastics put out. Does anybody know of any Eco friendly shower gels? I know that a lot of soaps contain detergents derived from fossil fuels but…. My husband is a sponge guy though so we just opt for whatever sustainable option is available at the store. The "best" or "worse" car soap I would assume comes down to less chemicals while doing the best cleaning which is hard to fine. i used to hold her super close to my body but that tends to tense her up as well and causes her to react more often Sep 21, 2022 · With its many benefits, it is no wonder that BioThane® is quickly becoming the material of choice for a new generation of eco-conscious consumers. i used to hold her super close to my body but that tends to tense her up as well and causes her to react more often Dog/kid friendly, low water needs, low to no mowing, absolutely stunning flowering options, and improves soil quality. honestly I just use the stuff at Sams or Target Cascade platinum pods are my favorite along with Jet-Dry rinse aide. ” Don't over complicate it and see if you can use stuff in multiple ways. Watch the video and share your thoughts about their eco-friendly approach? 🏅 🌎💚 #ParisOlympics #sustainabilitynews Jan 24, 2022 · is biothane eco-friendly? The eco-freindly-ness of a product depends greatly on how much it is used and reused before the end of its life. People will say that people will say that PLA isn't eco friendly either because it isn't compostable - as if compostability was the same as sustainability. Paco & pepper! Originally tried them because I needed something dust free. Mar 6, 2022 · Do you have trouble finding a suitable collar for your dog? Find out what the best collar is for your dog!If you are a dog owner, chances are, you’ve come across a situation where you walked into a pet store looking to buy a pretty collar for your new puppy but got overwhelmed by all the possible choices. Haven't tried it & probably won't. All of our packaging is FCS certified etc. I'm a former appliance repair person at a retirement community & have seen lots of mold & mildew build up in washers from people using "eco friendly" laundry products. Hey there! I’m more of a graphic designer/digital artist and found a niche for my work a year ago, so I started doing POD, and the experience was pretty terrible in terms of quality control, pricing, and just overall stressful having to be at the mercy of a shitty print house that sent the same customer the wrong size three times after three returns. Aug 18, 2023 · Eco-friendly and stylish Speaking of eco-friendly, we care about our planet and we're always on the lookout for sustainable choices. But it's not a compromise. What's the best eco-friendly, down alternative material for comforter? Comforter or duvet insert (they're pretty much the same). About the best you’re going to have in terms of ethical polymer use… Reply reply What are some of your favorite ecofriendly business cards, using recycled papers, non-toxic inks, etc? Biothane: What is Biothane? Biothane is a manmade material that is vegan friendly & easy to clean along with maintaining increased longevity and durability. He has wavy dachshund hair all over his back and the harness broke all of it off and he looked short haired for months until it grew back. g. When plants grow, they consume carbon dioxide. Facial tissues that are soiled with no more than facial discharge (not fecal matter or blood) can usually be composted in cities that have municipal compost. Hey everyone! New to reddit and I'm looking to learn and hear from everyone about sustainable and eco-friendly clothing brands you all love and shop from. Pads and underwear are vastly superior to single-use tampons and pads, but in general I think they aren't likely to last as long as cups, and cleaning them requires a larger amount of water compared to cups. Biothane is completely waterproof and stink proof, super durable, and comfortable on your hands and on your dog. The thing with the "eco friendly" products like Dropps is they simply aren't as good. The only thing that holds me back from getting a gaming pc and starting to play some more is how rough they can be on the environment. I try to really research stuff before I switch to it. Posted by u/Lindaheartyou - 2 votes and 5 comments I keep seeing so many "eco friendly alternatives" which are all made of bamboo (such as toothbrushes, toilet paper, sanitary pads etc. Also sometimes the strap gets bent and folded in weird ways and I don’t feel comfortable doing that to the biothane part. Why living an eco-friendly lifestyle will never be enough alone to fight climate change. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. I use eco enclose bubble mailers, they have two strips of adhesive and are made in a way that can be reused by the customer for shipping something out. From what I’ve researched, “eco-friendly” is a pretty vague term. What you're left with is 'less Disposable gloves are obviously not a good option; they are not eco-friendly at all. Most customers don't recognise this. So items like underwear and socks came out smelling the same as they came in (even with baking soda added). Type of humor may predict risk of depression and anxiety: benevolent humor, characterized by kind-hearted jokes and good-natured teasing, is linked to lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, while darker forms of humor, such as cynicism and irony, are linked to emotional distress. Jan 24, 2022 · IS BIOTHANE ECO-FRIENDLY? The eco-freindly-ness of a product depends greatly on how much it is used and reused before the end of its life. If there is one thing I want this article to do, it is to provide you with just a little bit more knowledge around BioThane to help you make an informed choice and show why BioThane is a great material for your dog collars and leads. We get a few who shop with us because we are vegan-friendly, and a few comments about our packaging. Say you don't wanna use any animal products like down (poor geese being plucked alive). I use a bidet and a square of tp to dry off with. As I'm nearing the point of needing to refill, I'm looking for some eco friendly ink options. While we don't necessarily care for the term, biothane has been referred to as "vegan leather" because of the aesthetic and durability. My ds uses a roll of tp every time he goes lol. Real Leather: Real leather consists of animal hides, we get o Noone truly gives a shit. It grips better and isn’t as sharp (if that makes sense) to hold. There’s a brand in the UK, Resin8 which we use, they have an eco-resin that’s vegan friendly, cruelty free and non-toxic. I'd like to start printing custom designs onto biothane (leather alternative) and wondered about people's advice on a potential UV printer. Airbrush is a friendly place that welcomes fellow atomization artists from all over to come together and enjoy this highly versatile painting medium. When I raised the price of one of our things that was selling to $1 more then the non eco frendly one everyone stopped buying it. Or check it out in the app stores Eco-friendly: Bitcoin vs fiat money comments. I am not a huge gamer, but I have been wanting to get back into it. At no point do they say 'do away with those annoying gloves and respirators!'. They last the longest, and take the least amount of water to clean. I love how easy it is - No stink, no stains. It is all marketing. I am open to the work of building a pc, I just am not sure what parts to get to stay as eco-friendly as possible. I absolutely love it so far, takes up hardly any space as well with their packaging (which is all recyclable). echo-eco-ethos Haven’t used their stickers - but check out the company Ecoenclose, I think they might have backing material for stickers that’s recyclable. Thank you so much in advance! Check out our eco friendly collar biothane selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our pet collars & jewelry shops. The bottom line, is the waters are so muddied in the eco friendly conversation and every brand just loves virtue signalling more than anything. Buy your chapstick and deodorant in compostable packaging. Unlike Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plastics, bioplastics such as cellulose acetate offer the unique benefit of being derived from renewable resources like wood This is a community for real working dogs. We've made plenty of changes around the house already (dishrags for paper towels, compostable sponges, bar shampoo and conditioner, bamboo toothbrushes, and more). I’ve tried a bunch of eco alternatives to toothpaste. That band goes great on that watch. Dec 17, 2022 · To make silicone eco-friendly, some companies (e. To ensure everything is vegan and eco-friendly. Overall, their claim of 'no nasty chemicals' is total bollocks. How best can I make my endeavor as eco-friendly as possible? This community has been set to private due negative people! If you want to be apart of this community and be POSITIVE then please request in!! For FabFitFun Subscribers to come talk about your items and what you love or don’t love about them!😍 Codes are not allowed on this subreddit, so if you can’t follow that rule you will be removed from the subreddit. r Years ago, I tried an eco-friendly laundry detergent and it was terrible. It's built into the fabric of our brand. Has anyone used the biothane leashes and collars? Are they easy to clean and durable? Oct 20, 2022 · Wondering if biothane is eco friendly? Here, we break down the pros and cons of this sustainable and durable material for dog collars and leashes. My dog is a water addicted sea monster and he manages to pee on his leash almost daily and I’m tired of washing both of them at the end of the day. Sep 19, 2021 · I’ve used a biothane leash for over 2 years now. The marketplace needs to be lowered by more eco friendly businesses and the supply chains need to evolve!! Think outside what the supply chain is now (a shit show) and make it more eco friendly! Yes, cremation not environmentally friendly at all and a waste of resources. Reply reply ooder57 What are the most affordable, eco friendly options you have tried and loved based on their own merit? I have sensitive skin and haven’t landed on one that’s both good and not crazy expensive. We live by the ocean and I take my dog to the beach multiple times a week. Paris is making waves with their sustainability efforts for the Olympics! ½ the CO2, 95% existing venues, plant-based meals & no single-use plastics (N. You can use it again and again. , GoSili) will take back their old products to handle the recycling process for you. Just look around. Show off your latest creations or get advice on a problem. From surplus fabric to recycled plastic bottles, the best sustainable backpacks are made from eco-friendly materials that prevent potential pollution from harming the planet – perfect for conscientious carriers. I also use brushes and rags over disposable sponges. They have stuff like shampoo bars (ive tried many solid shampoos, their is by far the best I've used). Nov 7, 2022 · Bioethanol fuel can be considered environmentally friendly; Typically lower purchase costs compared to other types of fireplaces; Options for remote control; The disadvantages of bioethanol fireplaces include: Lower heat output compared to other types of fireplaces; Certain size fireplaces can require certain size rooms for safety purposes I’m very careful about being eco-friendly and about cleaning. A lot more K9 equipment suppliers are now making Biothane harnesses, leashes, collars, etc. Additionally, its durability ensures that pet owners won't need to replace gear frequently, further reducing waste. Please read and familiarize yourself with the rules of the Subreddit prior to posting; members are encouraged to report posts that are in violation of the rules. I am a huge fan of Eco-Drive watches, and I am wearing a Promaster Diver - bn0151-09l, and I also have a Nighthawk - bj7000-52e. Is the 1/2” width the way to go? It just seems so skinny for a larger dog. These are jobs or tasks a dog is specifically trained to perform such as Guide Dog, Service Dog, Herding Dog, Police Dog, Sled Dog, etc. Eco friendly products are usually more expensive just like organic produce. May 2, 2024 · Vegan / Eco-Friendly In addition to its practical benefits, BioThane is also an environmentally friendly choice for pet leashes. Or look up some eco friendly DIY cleaning agent recipes. But as far as the plastic goes, they designed it to be more durable and eco-friendly. Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. Normal one has more room for adjustment (it can get much tighter but also much looser) than the biothane one, and it’s easier to slide around. Depending on the leash width - punching holes in it can reduce the strength on the thinner materials. Apr 25, 2023 · My dog is a water addicted sea monster and he manages to pee on his leash almost daily and I’m tired of washing both of them at the end of the day. I think it is obviously a good alternative to plastic but I'm just thinking that if everyone switches to bamboo-made items then it wont be as sustainable anymore if demand is higher than what is available. People litter the world in crap and then pretend to be eco friendly cause they drive a Tesla. Engineers apply the knowledge of math & science to design and manufacture maintainable systems used to solve specific problems. With Biothane, if possible look for someone who sews instead of, or in addition to, just rivets/chicago screws for the leashes. Def get a sample first though - I have a previous version of their eco-friendly printable shipping labels and the text doesn’t stay on Growing your own luffa would be the most sustainable option. Silly/Fake jobs are NOT allowed in our sub. The tabs were the same, so I’m back to regular old toothpaste for now. For example, something that is liquid at room temperature, something that melts around body temperature (so paste at room temperature), something that melts on a hot sunny day (so solid at room temperature). I use Meliora powdered laundry detergent. I will most likely stick with Adams Car Shampoo, it offers great cleaning and suds while being Eco-friendly and ONR for less dirty jobs. Find (a eco-friendly) one that you like, get an empty spray bottle, fill it with water and a few drops of the dishsoap (if you use to much it will leave a residu) and you got yourself an all purpose cleaner. Nov 16, 2023 · Biothane, a remarkable material that's making waves in the world of dog gear, has become a popular choice for all sorts of dog gear. To add onto the flagline harness recommendation, it is an amazing harness. Marketing that says “green” and “eco friendly”, and with a brand name of “EarthLove” or whatever isn’t nearly enough for me, and it shouldn’t be enough for anyone. I am trying to start an eco friendly pet products brand. I’ve been watching a lot of online dog training and I noticed a lot of trainers are using 1/2” width biothane leashes, even for larger dogs. Amazon's business model is built around over-consumption, elimination of competition, and exploitation of natural and human resources. Not a deodorant, but I recently found a small company called Oak & Willow. Feb 11, 2021 · By the end of this article you will know more about BioThane. I've used recycled tp from Target, but it dissolves in your hand and is a bit rough. Hi r/ZeroWaste!I've been building a New Google Sites with all the information I've been learning about reducing waste and being more eco-friendly, and I've started looking into oral care and didn't realize how complex and how many factors go into choosing the best dental floss. Posted by u/LoveLyndsey420 - No votes and no comments If you are determined, you can be more eco-friendly than a dishwasher (filling up a squirt bottle with soapy water and plugging the sink to scrub and wash, another squirt bottle just water for rinsing). Id ideally need it as small as possible as I don't need a large printing area. It is a good compromise for people who love the green look of lawns and have a hard time giving up grass. I know most of you will tell me I’m overthinking this (I do have ADHD and OCD tendencies) I’m still trying to find a safe balance in between, which can be hard with so much misinformation these days. A subreddit dedicated to the ancient art of blacksmithing. Would wood be a more eco-friendly altenative compared to those two? I also understand that there is a myriad of different kinds of woods and that they are finished differently. But in my opinion, it is more "eco-friendly" for me to bike 18 miles to work and back everyday- some things just aren't very practical. B coke is a sponsor). The Nighthawk may have the nicest stock bracelet of anything in the price range. I used to work in refrigeration engineering. That's probably not the answer you want to hear, and I can appreciate that it wouldn't look professional. I have converters, so I'm looking for bottled ink that ideally doesn't have too long of a dry time. r/EcoFriendly: A place to discuss products, methods, and solutions that Redditors can use to become more eco-friendly. I’ve used a biothane leash for over 2 years now. For example; dishsoap. The most eco-friendly, low cost bags are the ones you already own - the leftover produce bags from the grocery store, takeout bags, bread bags, etc. 13 votes, 33 comments. Cellulose acetate bioplastics are a cost-effective, eco-friendly alternative to more traditional forms of plastic. com Jan 3, 2025 · Is BioThane Eco-Friendly? BioThane is really tough and lasts a long time, which is great. That is the most eco-friendly way to dispose of them. Be the first to comment Nobody's responded to this post yet. They are fully recyclable, but only made from around 39% recycled products (although they are constantly trying to improve this metric). I think menstrual cups would be most eco-friendly. ). AskEngineers is a forum for questions about the technologies, standards, and processes used to design & build these systems, as well as for questions about the engineering profession and its many disciplines. The only thing is it does have an unusual smell, but you get used to it. The hardware that we use on our gear is best in class and truly built for the toughest of adventures. Honestly I much prefer leather over biothane. Some companies like Old Spice and Dove are slowly implementing this, but also you can look to Etsy. I know 'smartphones' and 'eco-friendly' aren't exactly the biggest and best combination around, but some companies are definitely trying to make more of a positive impact in this field. Plus it's recyclable, vegan and cruelty free. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. But the biothane is nicer to clean for long leads, and I like the bright color too. BioThane is cruelty-free, eco-friendly and is commonly used as a vegan alternative to leather. erbulyp bjdih suug vgydunw glxba wugn xnu xyjq stomgeoi nqxph qadoux npjh mhljf byzmb eupmb \